Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 23
Filter
1.
Acta Paul. Enferm. (Online) ; 37: eAPE007111, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1527576

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo Identificar a prevalência de letramento funcional em saúde e analisar a associação entre os níveis de letramento funcional em saúde e as variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas em pacientes renais crônicos não dialíticos. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com 167 renais crônicos em acompanhamento no ambulatório de nefrologia de um município de grande porte do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para as entrevistas foram utilizados questionário sociodemográfico e clínico e a versão brasileira do Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Portuguese Speaking Adults - SAHLPA-18, para mensurar o letramento funcional em saúde. Realizado estatística descritiva para variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas; testes de correlação e modelos de regressão lineares para associação com letramento funcional em saúde. Resultados A maior parte dos participantes era idosa com mediana de idade de 68 anos, 33,3% (56 pacientes) se encontravam no estágio 3B da doença renal crônica e 53,9% (90 pacientes) apresentaram letramento funcional em saúde inadequado. Não houve associação entre os níveis de letramento funcional em saúde e as variáveis clínicas. A maioria referiu não usar internet e o estágio mais avançado da doença renal crônica apresentou menores escores de letramento. Piores escores de letramento funcional em saúde também foi identificado naqueles com menor renda. Conclusão A maioria dos participantes apresentou letramento funcional em saúde inadequado. As variaveis clínicas não foram preditoras dos ecores de letramento. No entanto, escores mais baixos de letramento em saúde foram identificados naqueles em estágio mais avancado da doença renal, menor renda e menor uso da internet.


Resumen Objetivo Identificar la prevalencia de la alfabetización funcional en salud y analizar la asociación entre los niveles de alfabetización funcional en salud y las variables clínicas y sociodemográficas en pacientes renales crónicos no dializados. Métodos Estudio transversal realizado con 167 pacientes renales crónicos con seguimiento en consultorios externos de nefrología de un municipio de gran porte del estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para las entrevistas se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico y la versión brasileña del Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Portuguese Speaking Adults - SAHLPA-18, para medir la alfabetización funcional en salud. Se realizó estadística descriptiva para variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, pruebas de correlación y modelos de regresión lineales para asociación con alfabetización funcional en salud. Resultados La mayoría de los participantes eran personas mayores de 68 años de mediana de edad, el 33,3 % (56 pacientes) se encontraba en la etapa 3B de la enfermedad renal crónica y el 53,9 % (90 pacientes) presentó alfabetización funcional en salud inadecuada. No hubo asociación entre los niveles de alfabetización funcional en salud y las variables clínicas. La mayoría relató que no usaba internet y la etapa más avanzada de la enfermedad renal crónica presentó menor puntaje de alfabetización. Se identificaron peores puntajes de alfabetización funcional en salud en aquellos con menores ingresos. Conclusión La mayoría de los participantes presentó alfabetización funcional en salud inadecuada. Las variables clínicas no fueron predictoras de los puntajes de alfabetización. Sin embargo, se identificaron puntajes más bajos de alfabetización en salud en aquellos en etapa más avanzada de la enfermedad renal, con menores ingresos y menor uso de internet.


Abstract Objective To identify the prevalence of functional health literacy and analyze the association between functional health literacy levels and clinical and sociodemographic variables in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 167 chronic kidney disease patients being monitored at the nephrology outpatient clinic of a large city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. For the interviews, a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Portuguese Speaking Adults (SAHLPA-18) were used to measure functional health literacy. Descriptive statistics were performed for sociodemographic and clinical variables, and correlation tests and linear regression models for association with functional health literacy. Results Most participants were older adults with a median age of 68 years, 33.3% (56 patients) were in stage 3B of chronic kidney disease and 53.9% (90 patients) had inadequate functional health literacy. There was no association between functional health literacy levels and clinical variables. The majority reported not using the internet and the more advanced stage of chronic kidney disease had lower literacy scores. Worse functional health literacy scores were also identified in those with lower income. Conclusion Most participants had inadequate functional health literacy. Clinical variables were not predictors of literacy scores. However, lower health literacy scores were identified in those with more advanced stage kidney disease, lower income and less internet use.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Self Care , Health Education , Disease Prevention , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/prevention & control , Health Literacy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Salud UNINORTE ; 39(1)abr. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536839

ABSTRACT

Aim: To describe the burden of oral diseases and of self-reported periodontal disease of patients under Oral Anticoagulation Therapy (OAT) with warfarin. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Validated questionnaires assessed self-reported periodontal disease and demographic variables. After calibration (Kappa > 0.80), an examiner evaluated dental caries and the need for dental prostheses. Statistical analysis involved proportions and measures of central tendency. Results: The sample consisted of 158 individuals, with a mean age of 58.8 years (SD = 12.1), of which 62.7% of the participants were women. The average DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) index was 22.9 (SD = 7.6), with the missing component being the highest (Mean = 16.23). The use of maxillary prosthesis (53.2%) was higher than mandibular (32.3%). The need for mandibular prosthesis reached 66.5%. The percentage of participants that referred gum disease, tooth migration, and tooth mobility was 29.6%, 37.4%, and 30.4%, respectively. Conclusions: The burden of oral diseases among individuals undergoing OAT is worrisome.


Objetivo: Describir la carga de enfermedades bucales y la enfermedad periodontal autorreportada de pacientes en tratamiento con anticoagulación oral con warfarina. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal. Los cuestionarios validados evaluaron la enfermedad periodontal autoinformada y las variables demográficas. Después de la calibración (Kappa> 0.80), un examinador evaluó la caries dental y la necesidad de prótesis dentales. El análisis estadístico involucró proporciones y medidas de tendencia central. Resultados: La muestra estuvo formada por 158 individuos, con una edad media de 58.8 años (DE = 12.1), de los cuales el 62.7% de los participantes eran mujeres. El índice CPOD promedio fue de 22.9 (DE = 7.6), siendo el componente perdido el que más contribuyó al índice (Media = 16.23). El uso de prótesis maxilar (53.2%) fue mayor que el de prótesis mandibular (32.3%). La necesidad de prótesis mandibular alcanzó el 66.5%. El porcentaje de participantes que informaron enfermedad de las encías, migración de los dientes y movilidad de los dientes fue del 29.6%, 37.4% y 30.4%, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades bucales y la necesidad de rehabilitación oral entre los individuos sometidos a anticoagulación oral con warfarina fue motivo de preocupación.

3.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 37: e060, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1439733

ABSTRACT

Abstract The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of e-learning in compliance with the new biosafety recommendations in dentistry in the context of COVID-19 applied to the clinical staff of a dental school in Brazil. A quasi-experimental epidemiological study was carried out by means of a structured, pre-tested online questionnaire, applied before and after an educational intervention, using an e-learning format. After data collection, statistical tests were performed. A total of 549 members of the clinical staff participated in the study in the two collection phases, with a return rate of 26.9%. After the e-learning stage, a reduction was found in the reported use of disposable gloves, protective goggles, and surgical masks. The course had no impact on the staff's knowledge concerning the proper sequence for donning PPE and showed 100% effectiveness regarding proper PPE doffing sequence. Knowledge about avoiding procedures that generate aerosols in the clinical setting was improved. Despite the low rate of return, it can be concluded that online intervention alone was ineffective in significantly improving learning about the new clinical biosafety guidelines. Therefore, the use of hybrid teaching and repetitive training is highly recommended.

4.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 47: e15282023, 2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519246

ABSTRACT

A realização de diagnóstico e tratamento das arritmias sustentadas fazem parte da rotina clínica, sendo uma das arritmias mais frequentes a Fibrilação Atrial (FA). Para prevenção de eventos tromboembólicos em pacientes com FA, recomendase a anticoagulação oral, destacando-se a varfarina. Apesar da importância, esse medicamento possui estreita margem terapêutica, o que faz com que pequenas mudanças no tratamento gerem risco de eventos trombóticos ou hemorrágicos. Dentre essas mudanças, destaca-se a adesão aos demais medicamentos em uso, alteração do uso desses medicamentos por prescritores e automedicação. Várias são as interações entre varfarina e demais medicamentos de uso contínuo, acreditando-se que a complexidade da prescrição pode interferir nos desfechos clínicos da terapia anticoagulante. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar pacientes acompanhados em um ambulatório de anticoagulação em relação ao Índice de Complexidade da Farmacoterapia. Para identificação da complexidade da farmacoterapia, considerou-se as prescrições dos demais medicamentos em uso, prescritas por médicos da atenção primária em saúde. Utilizouse o instrumento Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI). A complexidade, compreendida como a forma de administração, posologia e forma farmacêutica, fatores que interferem na adesão à terapia anticoagulante, foi subdividida em três níveis: baixa complexidade, moderada e alta, conforme indicado pela literatura. A análise da complexidade foi realizada por dois pesquisadores de forma independente, sendo considerados os critérios conforme orientação do MRCI. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo realizado em duas clínicas de anticoagulação, localizadas em Minas Gerais. Durante a pesquisa, pacientes foram acompanhados em dois ambulatórios de anticoagulação do Brasil, em uso de varfarina, foram convidados a participarem de um ensaio clínico entre dezembro de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019, sendo que posteriormente foi realizado um recorte para o presente estudo. Um total de 93 pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, sendo a média de idade de 63 anos e a maioria do sexo feminino (68,8%). A fibrilação atrial foi a indicação da ACO mais predominante (92,5%). A média do número de medicamentos utilizados foi de 7,0. A maioria dos pacientes com farmacoterapia classificada como alta (38, 6,5%) e média complexidade (24, 80,7%) apresentou TTR inadequado. O presente estudo permitiu identificar que há um predomínio de pacientes com alta complexidade da farmacoterapia, o que pode indicar necessidades de cuidados adicionais em relação ao tratamento anticoagulante. Para tanto, em casos de pacientes com controle inadequado da anticoagulação oral, recomenda-se que aspectos da complexidade da farmacoterapia sejam incorporados na abordagem educacional.


Diagnosis and treatment of sustained arrhythmias are part of the clinical routine, with one of the most frequent arrhythmias being Atrial Fibrillation (AF). To prevent thromboembolic events in patients with AF, oral anticoagulation is recommended, particularly warfarin. Despite its importance, this medication has a narrow therapeutic range, which means that small changes in treatment generate a risk of thrombotic or hemorrhagic events. Among these changes, adherence to other medications in use, changes in the use of these medications by prescribers and self-medication stand out. There are several interactions between warfarin and other medications for continuous use, with the belief that the complexity of the prescription may interfere with the clinical outcomes of anticoagulant therapy. The objective of the study was to characterize patients followed in an anticoagulation outpatient clinic in relation to the Pharmacotherapy Complexity Index. To identify the complexity of pharmacotherapy, prescriptions for other medications in use, prescribed by primary health care doctors, were considered. The Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) instrument was used. Complexity, understood as the form of administration, dosage and pharmaceutical form, factors that interfere with adherence to anticoagulant therapy, was subdivided into three complexity levels: low, moderate and high, as indicated in the literature. The complexity analysis was carried out by two researchers independently, considering the criteria as per MRCI guidance. This is a descriptive study carried out in two anticoagulation clinics, located in Minas Gerais. During the research, patients were monitored in two anticoagulation clinics in Brazil, using warfarin, and were invited to participate in a clinical trial between December 2018 and February 2019, and a selection was subsequently made for the present study. A total of 93 patients were included in the study, the average age was 63 years and the majority were female (68.8%). Atrial fibrillation was the most predominant OAC indication (92.5%). The average number of medications used was 7.0. The majority of patients with pharmacotherapy classified as high (38, 6.5%) and medium complexity (24, 80.7%) presented inadequate TTR. The present study identified that there is a predominance of patients with high complexity of pharmacotherapy, which may indicate the need for additional care in relation to anticoagulant treatment. Therefore, in cases of patients with inadequate control of oral anticoagulation, it is recommended that aspects of the complexity of pharmacotherapy be incorporated into the educational approach.

5.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 120(2): e20220151, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420188

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento As complicações cardiovasculares da COVID-19 são aspectos importantes da patogênese e do prognóstico da doença. Evidências do papel prognóstico da troponina e da lesão miocárdica em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 na América Latina são ainda escassos. Objetivos Avaliar a lesão miocárdica como preditor independente de mortalidade hospitalar e suporte ventilatório mecânico em pacientes hospitalizados, do registro brasileiro de COVID-19. Métodos Este estudo coorte é um subestudo do registro brasileiro de COVID-19, conduzido em 31 hospitais brasileiros de 17 cidades, de março a setembro de 2020. Os desfechos primários incluíram mortalidade hospitalar e suporte ventilatório mecânico invasivo. Os modelos para os desfechos primários foram estimados por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, com significância estatística de p<0,05. Resultados Dos 2925 pacientes [idade mediana de 60 anos (48-71), 57,1%], 27,3% apresentaram lesão miocárdica. A proporção de pacientes com comorbidades foi maior nos pacientes com lesão miocárdica [mediana 2 (1-2) vs. 1 (0-20)]. Os pacientes com lesão miocárdica apresentaram maiores valores medianos de peptídeo natriurético cerebral, lactato desidrogenase, creatina fosfoquinase, N-terminal do pró-peptídeo natriurético tipo B e proteína C reativa em comparação a pacientes sem lesão miocárdica. Como fatores independentes, proteína C reativa e contagem de plaquetas foram relacionados com o risco de morte, e neutrófilos e contagem de plaquetas foram relacionados ao risco de suporte ventilatório mecânico invasivo. Os pacientes com níveis elevados de troponina apresentaram um maior risco de morte (RR 2,03, IC95% 1,60-2,58) e suporte ventilatório mecânico (RR 1,87;IC95% 1,57-2,23), em comparação àqueles com níveis de troponina normais. Conclusão Lesão cardíaca foi um preditor independente de mortalidade hospitalar e necessidade de suporte ventilatório mecânico em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19.


Abstract Background Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 are important aspects of the disease's pathogenesis and prognosis. Evidence on the prognostic role of troponin and myocardial injury in Latin American hospitalized COVID-19 patients is still scarce. Objectives To evaluate myocardial injury as independent predictor of in-hospital mortality and invasive mechanical ventilation support in hospitalized patients, from the Brazilian COVID-19 Registry. Methods This cohort study is a substudy of the Brazilian COVID-19 Registry, conducted in 31 Brazilian hospitals of 17 cities, March-September 2020. Primary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and invasive mechanical ventilation support. Models for the primary outcomes were estimated by Poisson regression with robust variance, with statistical significance of p<0.05. Results Of 2,925 patients (median age of 60 years [48-71], 57.1% men), 27.3% presented myocardial injury. The proportion of patients with comorbidities was higher among patients with cardiac injury (median 2 [1-2] vs. 1 [0-2]). Patients with myocardial injury had higher median levels of brain natriuretic peptide, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and C-reactive protein than patients without myocardial injury. As independent predictors, C-reactive protein and platelet counts were related to the risk of death, and neutrophils and platelet counts were related to the risk of invasive mechanical ventilation support. Patients with high troponin levels presented a higher risk of death (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.60-2.58) and invasive mechanical ventilation support (RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.57-2.23), when compared to those with normal troponin levels. Conclusion Cardiac injury was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation support in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

6.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 120(6): e20220576, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447301

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento A varfarina é um anticoagulante oral útil para prevenção de tromboembolismo, embora seja considerado fármaco de alto risco de causar eventos adversos. Considerando os desafios práticos no controle da anticoagulação oral, os pacientes poderiam se beneficiar de estratégias educacionais que visem mudança de comportamento, participação ativa no autocuidado e adesão à farmacoterapia. Objetivo Construir e validar o protocolo EmpoderACO para mudança de comportamento em pacientes em uso de varfarina. Métodos As etapas metodológicas foram: definição de conceitos e domínios do autocuidado, identificação dos objetivos, construção e seleção dos itens, avaliação da validade de conteúdo e pré-teste na população alvo. Resultados Relevância, adequação, clareza e confiabilidade interna dos itens do instrumento foram avaliadas por comitê de juízes multiprofissional pela plataforma web E-surv, obtendo-se média de concordância ≥0,91. A compreensão do instrumento pela população-alvo teve clareza adequada com média de 0,96. Conclusão O EmpoderACO poderá contribuir para qualificar o processo de comunicação entre profissionais e pacientes, melhorar a adesão ao tratamento e os resultados clínicos, podendo ser replicado nos serviços de saúde.


Abstract Background Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant that is very useful in preventing thromboembolism, though it is considered a drug with a high risk of causing adverse events. Considering the practical challenges in controlling oral anticoagulation, the patients on warfarin could benefit from educational strategies aimed at behavioral changes, active participation in self-care, and adherence to drug therapy. Objective The aim was to construct and validate the EmpoderACO protocol for behavioral changes in warfarin patients. Methods The methodological steps were: definition of concepts and domains of self-care, identification of objectives, construction and selection of items, assessment of content validity, and pre-test in the target population. Results Relevance, adequacy, clarity, and internal reliability of the instrument's items were assessed by a multidisciplinary judges committee (JC) through the E-surv web platform, obtaining an average agreement of ≥0.91. The understanding of the instrument measured by the target population revealed adequate clarity with a coefficient average of 0.96. Conclusion EmpoderACO can aid in qualifying the communication process between medical professionals and patients, as well as in improving adherence to both treatment and clinical outcomes, and can be replicated in healthcare settings.

7.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1365228

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate knowledge and attitudes towards biosafety recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic at a Brazilian dental school. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 with the clinical staff of a Brazilian dental school. The whole clinical staff was sent pre-tested self-administered online questionnaires about knowledge and attitudes towards the recommendations for biosafety in dental settings in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistical analyses were carried out for proportion calculation. Results Disposable head covering caps, isolation gowns, and gloves were the most frequently reported personal protective equipment (PPE). The rates ranged from 52.9% to 88.5% for N95 respirators, from 68.6% to 92.6% for face shields, from 47.4% to 67.5% for conventional eye protection shields, and 45.1% to 77.4% for eye protection with solid side shields. Chlorhexidine gluconate was the most frequent mouthwash indicated before clinical dental care. The percentage of agreement to provide clinical care to patients with suspected COVID-19 varied from 23.5% to 50.0%. The percentage of respondents who agreed that bioaerosol-generating procedures should be avoided was higher than 74.5%. Less than 50% knew the correct sequence for doffing of PPE. Conclusion This study revealed important gaps in knowledge and attitudes towards prevention and control measures against infection in dental environments in the context of COVID-19, indicating the need for improvements.


Subject(s)
Humans , Brazil , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Containment of Biohazards/instrumentation , Education, Dental , Personal Protective Equipment , COVID-19 , Schools, Dental , Epidemiologic Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Infection Control
8.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406885

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT People who interact with leprosy patients in their environment, neighborhood, family, or social relationships are at risk to develop the disease. This systematic review investigated the risk and protective factors associated with the development of leprosy in Brazilian contacts. The studies were found in Cochrane Library, PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Virtual Health Library, grey literature and hand search until July 2021. The study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two investigators. The quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020160680). Seventeen articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria (n=544). The immunological and molecular factors, such as Anti-phenolic Glycolipid Antibodies (Anti-PGL-1) seropositivity, negative Mitsuda test, absence of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) scar, positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in blood; age and race; conviviality, education, contact time and type of contact, as well as elements related to the index case (bacilloscopic index; genetic conditions, family relationships), and some combined factors were shown to be relevant risk factors associated with the development of the disease in Brazilian leprosy contacts. The protective factors reported were the presence of one or more BCG scars, positive Mitsuda test, and education level. All selected studies were considered of high quality according to NOS. The knowledge of disease-related risk and protective factors provides the scientific basis for decision-making in the management of the disease in leprosy contacts.

9.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 19: eRC5488, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249741

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Histoplasmosis is an infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. The disease is endemic in several regions of tropical and temperate climate. The fungus presents opportunistic behavior, causing widespread infection in immunocompromised patients, resulting from complication of primary pulmonary infection, due to exogenous reinfection or reactivation of a quiescent source. In immunocompetent individuals, approximately 95% of pulmonary infections are asymptomatic. However, prolonged exposure to high amount spores may lead to acute or chronic lung infection. Due to the low amount of inoculum, primary cutaneous histoplasmosis caused by traumatic implantation is extremely rare and effectively treated with triazoles. Thus, the present study aims to report a case of primary cutaneous histoplasmosis that is difficult to treat in an immunocompetent patient, and to review the literature on the incidence of drug-resistant Histoplasma capsulatum strains in clinical practice.


RESUMO A histoplasmose é uma infecção causada pelo fungo dimórfico Histoplasma capsulatum. A doença é endêmica em diversas regiões de clima tropical e temperado. O fungo apresenta comportamento oportunístico, causando infecção disseminada em pacientes imunocomprometidos, resultante da complicação da infecção pulmonar primária, por reinfecção exógena ou reativação de um foco quiescente. Em indivíduos imunocompetentes, cerca de 95% das infecções pulmonares são assintomáticas. No entanto, a exposição prolongada à quantidade elevada de esporos pode levar à infecção pulmonar aguda ou crônica. Devido à baixa quantidade de inóculo, a histoplasmose cutânea primária causada por implantação traumática é extremamente rara e efetivamente tratada com triazóis. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivos relatar um caso de histoplasmose cutânea primária de difícil tratamento em paciente imunocompetente, e revisar a literatura a respeito da incidência de cepas de Histoplasma capsulatum resistentes aos fármacos utilizados na prática clínica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Histoplasmosis/drug therapy , Histoplasma
10.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 45: e1002020, 2021-00-00.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1526005

ABSTRACT

Dentre as ferramentas de avaliação do risco de eventos tromboembólicos, destaca-se o escore CHA2DS2-VASc, que contribui para a identificação de pacientes elegíveis ao uso da terapia anticoagulante, sendo um grande auxílio na profilaxia tromboembólica. O presente artigo objetiva caracterizar pacientes com controle inadequado da anticoagulação conforme o CHA2DS2-VASc. Foram coletadas informações dos pacientes em acompanhamento em um ambulatório de anticoagulação vinculado a um hospital de ensino em Minas Gerais. Foram incluídos pacientes acompanhados no ambulatório entre agosto e dezembro de 2017, em uso de varfarina por pelo menos 180 dias, com indicação crônica de anticoagulação e com no mínimo dois resultados do exame Relação Normatizada Internacional (RNI). Identificou-se 434 pacientes, sendo 202 com controle inadequado da anticoagulação. Para os pacientes com controle inadequado, calculou-se o CHA2DS2-VASc, o qual é realizado pela somatória de pontuações de fatores de risco para eventos tromboembólicos. Os pacientes foram classificados em risco baixo (0 pontos), moderado (1 ponto) ou alto (mais de 2 pontos). Também se realizou associação entre o escore e varáveis que caracterizam o contexto dos pacientes, como município de residência e a faixa terapêutica alvo da RNI. Ressalta-se que 107 (53,0%) apresentaram hipertensão; 96 (47,5%) doença arterial periférica, coronariana ou aórtica; 62 (30,7%) acidente vascular cerebral prévio; e 27 (13,4%) diabetes. Identificou-se considerável percentual de pacientes com CHA2DS2-VASc maior que 2 (n = 191; 94,5%), o que indica um risco elevado para a ocorrência de eventos tromboembólicos e reforça a importância da farmacoterapia anticoagulante adequada. Em relação a associação entre características demográficas com os resultados de escore CHA2DS2-VASc, identificou-se associação entre o escore CHA2DS2-VASc e município de residência (p<0,05), não se identificando significância estatística entre o escore CHA2DS2-VASc e a faixa terapêutica alvo da RNI (p>0,05).


Among the tools for assessing the risk of thromboembolic events, the CHA2DS2-VASc score stands out, which contributes to the identification of patients that are eligible for the use of anticoagulant therapy, which is a great aid in thromboembolic prophylaxis. The present study aims to characterize patients with inadequate control of anticoagulation according to their CHA2DS2-VASc score. Information was collected from patients being followed up at an anticoagulation clinic associated with a teaching hospital in Minas Gerais. Patients accompanied at the clinic between August and December 2017, taking warfarin for at least 180 days, with a chronic indication for anticoagulation, and with at least values from two results of the International Normalized List (INR) test were included. 434 patients were identified and 202 with inadequate anticoagulation control. For patients with inadequate control, the CHA2DS2-VASc was calculated, which is performed by the sum of risk factor scores for thromboembolic events. Patients were classified as low (0 points), moderate (1 point), or high (≥ 2 points) risk. An association was also made between the score and variables that characterize the context of the patients, such as the municipality of residence and the target therapeutic range of the INR. It is noteworthy that 107 (53.0%) had hypertension; 96 (47.5%) had peripheral arterial, coronary or aortic disease; 62 (30.7%) had a previous stroke; and 27 (13.4%) had diabetes. A considerable percentage of patients with CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 (n = 191; 94.5%) was identified, which indicates a high risk for the occurrence of thromboembolic events and reinforces the importance of adequate anticoagulant pharmacotherapy. Regarding the association between demographic characteristics and the results of the CHA2DS2-VASc score, an association was identified between the CHA2DS2-VASc score and city of residence (p<0.05), with no statistical significance being identified between the CHA2DS2-VASc score and the INR target therapeutic range (p>0.05).

11.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 57: e19087, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345459

ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the new drugs registered in Brazil from 2003 to 2013 from the perspective of childcare needs, drug safety and considering the disease burden of the country. This is a retrospective cohort study including new drugs registered in Brazil between 2003 and 2013. Drug indications were related to the Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) of the 2015 Global Burden of Disease Study. Association between the number of new drugs and DALY was determined by Spearman's coefficient. Post-marketing safety alerts specific to the pediatric population have been identified in the WHO Drug Information Bulletin and on websites of drug regulatory agencies. A total of 134 new drugs were included in the cohort and 46 (34.3%) had a pediatric indication. There was no evidence of an association between the disease burden in children in Brazil and the number of pediatric drugs. The safety alert data associated with the pediatric population published after registration of the new drugs were scarce. The number of new drugs launched in Brazil with a pediatric indication was small, reflecting the international challenges of developing effective and safe medicines for children. No association was found between the number of new drugs and the disease burden.


Subject(s)
Brazil/ethnology , Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis , Drug Approval/legislation & jurisprudence , World Health Organization , Child Care/methods , Child Health/classification , Cohort Studies , Reference Drugs , Health Services Needs and Demand/classification
12.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 45: e0682020, 2021-00-00.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1510351

ABSTRACT

A varfarina é um anticoagulante oral amplamente utilizado na prevenção de eventos tromboembólicos, sendo disponibilizado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil. Entretanto, a manutenção da qualidade da anticoagulação oral é um desafio na prática clínica, sendo a identificação de fatores que interferem nesse processo de importância para o contexto clínico e científico. Este é um estudo transversal, conduzido em um hospital universitário de Minas Gerais, com o objetivo de identificar a qualidade da anticoagulação oral de pacientes em uso de varfarina e fatores associados. A qualidade da anticoagulação foi avaliada por meio do time in therapeutic range (TTR), que permite identificar a proporção de tempo em que o paciente apresentou valores de razão normatizada internacional (RNI) dentro da faixa terapêutica desejada. Os valores de TTR foram associados a características clínicas e demográficas utilizando-se regressão logística uni e multivariada. O TTR médio foi 61,8% (DP + 1,00), sendo que 204 (46,3) pacientes apresentaram controle inadequado da anticoagulaçã . As variáveis sexo (OD: 1,82; P: 0,005; IC: 1,204335 -2,761345), uso da varfarina diferente do prescrito (OD:2,81; P< 0,005; IC: 1,700-4,632352) e ocorrência de sangramento (OD:1,70; P< 0,005; IC: 1,013157-4,632352) foram preditoras de TTR inadequado. Indicações de uso, tromboembolismo e valvulopatia foram preditoras de TTR adequado. Os achados contribuem para melhor conhecimento do perfil dos pacientes com controle inadequado da anticoagulação oral e estabelecimento de estratégias que promovam qualidade na anticoagulação.


Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant widely used in the prevention of thromboembolic events and is made available by the Brazilian Unified Health System. However, maintaining the quality of oral anticoagulation is a challenge in clinical practice, other than the identification of factors that interfere in this important process for the clinical and scientific context. This was a cross-sectional study, conducted at a university hospital in Minas Gerais, with the objective of identifying the quality of oral anticoagulation in patients using warfarin and associated factors. The quality of anticoagulation was assessed using the time in therapeutic range (TTR), which allows the identification of the proportion of time in which the patient presented international normalized ratio (INR) values within the desired therapeutic range. TTR values were associated with clinical and demographic characteristics using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The mean TTR was 61.8% (SD + 1.00), with 204 (46.3%) patients demonstrating inadequate anticoagulation control. The variables gender (OD: 1.82; P: 0.005; CI: 1.204335-2.761345), use of warfarin other than prescribed (OD: 2.81; P <0.005; CI: 1.700- 4.632352) and bleeding occurrence (OD: 1.70; P <0.005; CI: 1.013157-4.632352) were predictors of inadequate TTR. Indications for use, thromboembolism and valvulopathy were predictors of adequate TTR. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the profile of patients with inadequate control of oral anticoagulation and the establishment of strategies that promote anticoagulation quality.

13.
Rev. APS ; 22(1)20190101.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1102636

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre a terapia anticoagulante antes e depois da aplicação de um vídeo educativo em pacientes ambulatoriais em uso de varfarina atendidos por um hospital público. O conhecimento dos pacientes foi avaliado por seis perguntas, sendo calculado o percentual de respostas certas. Identificou-se os pacientes com percentual de acerto ≥ 60%, e para avaliar o conhecimento adquirido com o vídeo foi determinado o acerto antes e depois da visualização para a pergunta sobre qual é a indicação da varfarina. A análise estatística univariada e os testes MacNemer e Mann­Witney foram realizadas no SPSS 21.0. O vídeo foi avaliado por 62 pacientes, sendo que 41 (66,1%) tinham até seis meses de tratamento. O conhecimento sobre a indicação da varfarina aumentou após o vídeo (p = 0,006). Não houve diferença significativa entre o percentual de acertos considerando tempo de tratamento ≥ 6 meses ou < 6 meses (p = 0,775). O vídeo ajudou a esclarecer dúvidas sobre anticoagulação de 98,4% dos pacientes. Os resultados sugerem que o material audiovisual elaborado pode contribuir para ampliar o conhecimento sobre o tratamento com varfarina e, consequentemente, proporcionar aumento das taxas de adesão ao tratamento com anticoagulante e aumentar a segurança dos pacientes.


This paper aims to evaluate the knowledge of anticoagulant therapy before and after application of an educational video in outpatients using warfarin under the care of a public hospital. The knowledge of the patients was evaluated with six questions by calculating the percentage of correct answers. The patients with a ≥ 60% percentage of correct answers were identified and to assess the knowledge acquired with the video, the amount of correct answers to the question of what is the warfarin indicate was determined before and after the video. Univariate statistical analysis and MacNemer and Mann-Whitney tests were performed with SPSS 21.0. The video was rated by 62 patients, from which 41 (66.1%) had up to six months of treatment. Knowledge of the indication of warfarin increased after the video (p = 0.006). There was no significant difference between the percentage of correct answers of patients considering treatment time ≥6 months and <6 months (p = 0.775). The video helped answer questions about anticoagulation from 98.4% of the patients. The results suggest that the elaborated audiovisual material can help to expand knowledge about treatment with warfarin and thus provide increased adherence rates to anticoagulation treatment and increase patient safety.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Audiovisual Aids , Warfarin/therapeutic use , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Medication Adherence , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use
14.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e076, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019609

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of opioid analgesics prescribed by Brazilian dentists, potential regional differences and their association with socioeconomic and health-related factors. Data for all opioid prescriptions by dentists was obtained from the 2012 database of the National Controlled Substances Management System, regulated by the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency. The number of defined daily doses (DDD) and DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day for each Brazilian state were calculated as the primary outcomes. DDDs were compared by regions and Brazilian states. Spearman's rho correlation coefficient was used to determine the influence of the states' characteristics, such as the Human Development Index; poverty; education; number of dentists per 100,000 inhabitants; visit to the dentist; dental care plan; good or very good oral health; number of pharmaceutical establishments per 100,000/inhabitants; and ability to get all prescribed medications. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. A total of 141,161 prescriptions for opioids analgesics by 36,929 dentists were recorded, corresponding to 658,855 doses of opioids dispensed in 2012. The most commonly dispensed opioids were codeine associated with paracetamol (83.2%; n = 117,493). The national DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day was 0.0093 (range: 0.0002-0.0216). DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day was positively associated to visits to dentists (rs = 0.630; P < 0.001) and inversely associated to poverty (rs = -0.624; p = 0.001). There are significant differences in opioid prescriptions in dentistry among the Brazilian states. These differences may be associated with non-clinical factors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Dental Care/statistics & numerical data , Practice Patterns, Dentists'/statistics & numerical data , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Pharmacies/statistics & numerical data , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Tramadol/therapeutic use , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Codeine/therapeutic use , Statistics, Nonparametric , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Acetaminophen/therapeutic use
15.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 215-228, Jan. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890489

ABSTRACT

Resumo Para a saúde pública, a importância de um medicamento novo está no valor terapêutico e no benefício que produz para o paciente e para a sociedade. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar medicamentos novos registrados no Brasil de 2003 a 2013, sob a perspectiva da carga de doenças e da assistência farmacêutica no SUS. Estudo de coorte retrospectiva. Identificou-se os medicamentos novos registrados no Brasil por análise documental dos registros publicados pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Os dados sobre carga de doença no Brasil foram obtidos do Global Burden of Disease Study, publicado em 2012 pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. O grau de inovação terapêutica foi determinado pelo Algoritmo de Motola. Identificou-se 159 medicamentos novos e somente 28 foram classificados como inovação terapêutica importante. Evidenciou-se uma relação desproporcional entre a porcentagem de medicamentos novos e a carga de doenças, com sub-representação de medicamentos para doenças respiratórias infecciosas, doenças cardíacas e doenças digestivas. Estratégias de incentivo à pesquisa e desenvolvimento de medicamentos devem ser priorizadas, para diminuir a desproporção em relação à carga de doença e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de medicamentos inovadores necessários ao quadro sanitário do país.


Abstract The most important aspect of a new drug in terms of public health is its therapeutic value and benefit it provides for the patient and for the society. The aim of this study was to analyze new drugs registered in Brazil between 2003 and 2013 with respect to Pharmaceutical Assistance programs within the Brazilian health system and to the disease burden in the country. In our retrospective cohort study, new drugs registered in Brazil were identified through document analysis of databases and publicly available documents from National Health Surveillance Agency. The data on disease burden in Brazil was obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2012, published by the World Health Organization. The level of therapeutic innovation was determined using the Motola algorithm. Although a total of 159 new medicines were used in the cohort, only 28 (17.6%) were classified as important therapeutic innovations. There is a disproportionate relationship between the percentage of new drugs and the burden of disease, with an under-representation of drugs for infectious respiratory diseases, heart disease, and digestive diseases. Incentive strategies for research and development of medicines should be prioritized to reduce the disparity regarding the burden of disease and to help develop innovative medicines necessary to improve health throughout the country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Public Health , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Algorithms , Brazil , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Cost of Illness
16.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 16(4): eAO4354, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975093

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze suitability of new drugs registered in Brazil from 2003 to 2013 for pediatric age groups. Methods A descriptive study of drugs with pediatric indication included in a retrospective cohort of new drugs registered in Brazil. The evaluation of drug suitability for the pediatric age group was performed using the following criteria: suitability of dosage form and capacity to deliver the recommended dose. The drugs were considered adequate for the pediatric age groups when they met both criteria. The statistical analysis included calculation of frequencies and proportions. Results Suitability due to the drug capacity to deliver the recommended dose was greater than 80% across all age groups. Regarding suitability of the dosage form, we identified that the older the age group, the greater suitability for pediatric use. Concerning the drugs presented in solid dosage form, we showed that half were classified as inadequate for one or more pediatric age groups to whom they were indicated. The adequacy of drugs to the pediatric age group was 64.3% for preschool children, 66.7% for full-term newborns, 66.7% for premature newborns, and over 70% for other age groups. Conclusion Drugs for children aged under 6 years were less often adequate, considering the dosage form and capacity to provide the recommended dose. The availability and proportional suitability of medicines for pediatric use are greater for older age groups, according to age groups the drug is registered for.


RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a adequação às faixas etárias pediátricas dos medicamentos novos registrados no Brasil no período de 2003 a 2013. Métodos Estudo descritivo dos medicamentos com indicação pediátrica incluídos em uma coorte retrospectiva de medicamentos novos registrados no Brasil. A avaliação da adequação do medicamento à faixa etária pediátrica foi realizada empregando os seguintes critérios: adequação da forma farmacêutica e capacidade de fornecer a dose recomendada. Os medicamentos foram considerados adequados às faixas etárias pediátricas quando preencheram os dois critérios. A análise estatística compreendeu cálculo de frequências e proporções. Resultados A adequação devido à capacidade do medicamento fornecer a dose recomendada foi superior a 80% em todas as faixas etárias. Em relação à adequação da forma farmacêutica, identificou-se que quanto maior a faixa etária, maior a proporção de adequação para uso pediátrico. Em relação aos medicamentos que se apresentavam em formas farmacêuticas sólidas, evidenciou-se que metade foi classificada como inadequada para uma ou mais faixas etárias pediátricas para as quais estavam indicados. A adequação dos medicamentos à faixa etária pediátrica foi 64,3% para pré-escolares, 66,7% para recém-nascidos a termo, 66,7% para recém-nascidos prematuros e superior a 70% para as demais faixas etárias. Conclusão Os medicamentos destinados às crianças menores de 6 anos apresentaram menor frequência de adequação, considerando a forma farmacêutica e a capacidade de fornecer a dose recomendada. A disponibilidade e a proporção de adequação dos medicamentos para uso pediátrico aumentam com a elevação da faixa etária para a qual o medicamento é registrado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Drug Prescriptions/standards , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Drug Dosage Calculations , Off-Label Use/standards , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Reference Standards , Brazil , Retrospective Studies , Off-Label Use/statistics & numerical data
17.
Rev. APS ; 20(3): 373-384, 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-881233

ABSTRACT

Ao entender que práticas educacionais podem contribuir para melhores resultados nos processos de cuidado em saúde, o presente artigo possui o objetivo de descrever a experiência da implementação de oficinas como estratégia educacional em uma clínica de anticoagulação de um hospital geral. A execução das oficinas consistiu na dinâmica em grupo e na utilização de recursos visuais. Essa prática foi subdividida nas temáticas "conhecendo o problema de saúde", "uso correto da varfarina", "alimentação e anticoagulação" e "conhecendo o corpo". A descrição da experiência ocorreu por meio de análise observacional, gravação dos encontros e análise das falas por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Participaram das oficinas 19 pacientes em uso de varfarina e sete acompanhantes. Identificaram-se duas categorias: na "sistematização do fazer", identificou-se que o processo de cuidado ocorre de forma médico-centrada, sem a valorização do paciente como sujeito em ato, e na "redescobrindo-se no tratamento", os participantes foram capazes de redimensionar o processo de cuidado e construir um novo olhar sobre sua participação nesse processo. As oficinas propiciaram para os participantes uma troca de experiências e dúvidas, podendo contribuir para uma maior compreensão do problema de saúde e tratamento, além de propiciar aos profissionais melhor compreensão sobre a experiência dos pacientes em relação ao tratamento.


Educational initiatives focused on improving the understanding of anticoagulant therapy by the patient can improve treatment outcomes. We aimed to describe the planning stages and achievements of workshops as an educational strategy in an anticoagulation clinic of a general hospital. The following two phases were involved: the determination of the issues of approach by conducting focus groups; and the performance of workshops, consisting of dynamics of group and visuals. Methods of observational analysis, recording of meetings and content analysis were employed. Nineteen patients on warfarin and seven caregivers participated of the workshops. The following items were identified as topics of approach: "knowing the health problem", "correct use of warfarin", "food and anticoagulation" and "knowing the body". An effect of obedience associated with anticoagulant treatment was observed, mainly in the need of self-care, control of eating habits and the importance of adherence. The workshops as educational strategy provide an exchange of experiences and questions, which may contribute to a greater understanding of the health problem and treatment, with consequent improvement in adherence to pharmacotherapy.


Subject(s)
Health Education , Anticoagulants , Delivery of Health Care , Health Services Accessibility
18.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(5): 1615-1629, maio 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-839977

ABSTRACT

Resumo O conhecimento dos pacientes sobre o tratamento com anticoagulantes orais pode favorecer o alcance dos resultados terapêuticos e a prevenção de eventos adversos relacionados à farmacoterapia. No Brasil, observa-se a ausência de instrumentos validados para avaliação do conhecimento do paciente sobre o tratamento com a varfarina. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a adaptação transcultural do instrumento Oral Anticoagulation Knowledge (OAK) Test do inglês para o português do Brasil. Trata-se de estudo metodológico desenvolvido em uma clínica de anticoagulação de um hospital público universitário. O estudo compreendeu as etapas de tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, revisão pelo comitê de especialistas e pré-teste com 30 indivíduos. A equivalência semântica foi obtida através da análise do significado referencial e geral de cada item. A equivalência conceitual dos itens buscou demonstrar a relevância e a aceitabilidade do instrumento. Com o processo de adaptação transcultural foi obtida a versão final do OAK Test em língua portuguesa do Brasil, intitulada “Teste de Conhecimento sobre Anticoagulação Oral”. Constatou-se uma equivalência semântica e conceitual adequada entre a versão adaptada e a original, bem como uma excelente aceitabilidade desse instrumento.


Abstract Patients’ knowledge about oral anticoagulant therapy may favor the achievement of therapeutic results and the prevention of adverse pharmacotherapy-related events. Brazil lacks validated instruments for assessing the patient’s knowledge about treatment with warfarin. This study aimed to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the Oral Anticoagulation Knowledge (OAK) Test instrument from English into Portuguese. This is a methodological study developed in an anticoagulation clinic of a public university hospital. The study included initial translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, review by the experts committee and pre-testing with 30 individuals. We obtained semantic equivalence through the analysis of the referential and general meaning of each item. The conceptual equivalence of the items sought to demonstrate the relevance and acceptability of the instrument. The process of cross-cultural adaptation produced the final version of the OAK Test in Brazilian Portuguese entitled “Teste de Conhecimento sobre Anticoagulação Oral”. There was a suitable semantic and conceptual equivalence between the adapted version and the original version, as well as an excellent acceptability of this instrument.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires , Anticoagulants , Semantics , Brazil , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Hospitals, University , Language
19.
Rev. APS ; 18(1)jan. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-771354

ABSTRACT

Apesar do descobrimento de novos anticoagulantes, o uso da varfarina para o tratamento e prevenção de distúrbios da anticoagulação, ainda é considerado o padrão ouro para os pacientes que necessitam desse tipo de tratamento. Entretanto, esse medicamento é classificado como um medicamento potencialmente perigoso, e o seu uso está associado ao risco de vários eventos, dentre eles a ocorrência de hemorragia e morte, principalmente quando mal utilizado. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever aspectos relacionados à implantação de um ambulatório multiprofissional para abordagem ao paciente em tratamento com varfarina. Foram atendidos 335 pacientes, dos quais a maioria era do sexo feminino (177;53%), 177 pacientes (53%) apresentaram um tempo médio de retorno ao ambulatório maior do que 7 e menor do que 14 dias, 256 (77%) relataram dificuldade em acessar o medicamento varfarina na atenção primária à saúde, e identificou-se um aumento do percentual de pacientes com RNI na faixa terapêutica com o prolongamento do tempo de acompanhamento no ambulatório. O ambulatório apresenta-se como interessante estratégia de garantia da segurança dos pacientes acompanhados. Recomenda-se que os resultados deste estudo sejam utilizados para a implementação de ações que fortaleçam a efetividade e a segurança da farmacoterapia anticoagulante oral, bem como a articulação na rede de cuidados desse perfil de pacientes.


Abstract: Despite the discovery of new anticoagulants, the use of warfarin for the treatment and prevention of anticoagulation disorders is still considered the gold standard for patients requiring such treatment. However, this drug is classified as a potentially dangerous drug, and its use is associated with the risk of various events, including the occurrence of bleeding and death, especially when misused. The present study aims to describe aspects related to the implementation of a multiprofessional approach to outpatients taking warfarin. A total of 335 patients were attended, the majority female (177, 53%); 177 patients (53%) had an average time to return to the clinic of more than 7 and less than 14 days; 256 (77%) reported difficulty accessing the drug warfarin through primary healthcare; and the study identified an increase in the percentage of patients with INR in the therapeutic range with increasing follow-up time in the clinic. It is recommended that the results of this study be used for the implementation of actions to strengthen the effectiveness and safety of anticoagulant pharmacotherapy, as well as for strengthening bonds between different healthcare services for that profile of patient.


Subject(s)
Outpatient Clinics, Hospital , Anticoagulants , Warfarin , Warfarin/adverse effects , Patient Safety , Patient Care
20.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-663217

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: investigar os fatores associados à automedicação por pacientes atendidos em um serviço de emergências odontológicas em Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. Métodos: foi aplicado um questionário entre 174 pacientes atendidos na emergência odontológica contendo informações referentes ao gênero, idade e questões específicas como consumo anterior de medicamentos, ervas medicinais ou outras substâncias para o alívio da sintomatologia dolorosa. O diagnóstico clínico foi definido por somente um dentista. Análise bivariada e regressão multivariada de Poisson com variância robusta foram realizadas no programa SPSS 18.0. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética de Pesquisa em Humanos. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 32,6 (+12,0) anos e 51,8% eram mulheres. Entre os participantes do estudo, 81,7% relataram terem se automedicado. A idade (p=0,83), a duração da dor (p=0,21) e o gênero (p=0,85) não estiveram associados à variável resposta. A frequência da automedicação foi mais alta (p-0,04) entre indivíduos com pulpites agudas (86,8%) e abscessos periapicais (84,7%). Somente o diagnóstico clínico esteve associado à automedicação na análise multivariada de Poisson. Comparando a outros diagnósticos, indivíduos com pulpites relatam 2,3 mais chances de se automedicarem (IC95% 1.1-5.0; p=0.03). Conclusão: a automedicação é um problema de saúde pública preocupante entre o grupo estudado. O diagnóstico clínico é o único fator que influencia este fenômeno dentre a população estudada.


Objective: To investigate factors associated with self-medication by patients treated at a public emergency dental service in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Method: A questionnaire was applied to174 patients who have been treated in the emergency dental service, with information about gender, age and specific questions about previous consumption of medicines, medicinal herbs or other substances to relieve dental pain. Clinical diagnosis was established by a single dentist. Bivariate analysis and multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance were carried out in SPSS 18.0 software for Windows. The study was approved by the local Human Research Ethics Committee. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.6 (±12.0) years and 51.8% were female. Among the participants in the survey, 81.7% reported self-medication. Age (p=0.83), duration of pain (p=0.21) and gender (p=0.85) were not associated. Frequency of self-medication was higher (p=0.04) among individuals with pulpitis (86.8%) and periapical abscess (84.7%). Only clinical diagnosis was associated with self-medication in the multivariate Poisson analysis. Patients with pulpitis reported 2.3 times more self-medication (IC95% 1.1-5.0; p=0.03) than individuals with other diagnoses. Conclusion: Self-medication was an important health problem in the studied this surveyed group. Clinical diagnosis was the only factor that influenced this phenomenon.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Self Medication/adverse effects , Emergencies , Toothache/diagnosis , Toothache/etiology , Public Health/education , Chi-Square Distribution , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surveys and Questionnaires
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL